![]() forces on Oahu realized there was something different about this Sunday morning. Even as they winged south, some elements of U.S. on 7 December, the six Japanese carriers launched a first wave of 181 planes composed of torpedo bombers, dive bombers, horizontal bombers and fighters. The last Pacific carrier, USS Saratoga, had left Pearl Harbor for upkeep and repairs on the West Coast.Īt 6:00 a.m. On 5 December, Admiral Kimmel sent the USS Lexington with a task force under Rear Admiral Newton to deliver 25 scout bombers to Midway Island. On 4 December Enterprise delivered the aircraft and on December 7 the task force was on its way back to Pearl Harbor. On 28 November, Admiral Kimmel sent USS Enterprise under Rear Admiral Willliam Halsey to deliver Marine Corps fighter planes to Wake Island. At dawn 7 December 1941, the Japanese task force had approached undetected to a point slightly more than 200 miles north of Oahu. The ships' route crossed the North Pacific and avoided normal shipping lanes. Nagumo's fleet assembled in the remote anchorage of Tankan Bay in the Kurile Islands and departed in strictest secrecy for Hawaii on 26 November 1941. A separate group of submarines was to sink any American warships which escaped the Japanese carrier force. It centered around six heavy aircraft carriers accompanied by 24 supporting vessels. In October 1941 the naval general staff gave final approval to Yamamoto's plan, which called for the formation of an attack force commanded by Vice Admiral Chuichi Nagumo. In the spring of 1941, Japanese carrier pilots began training in the special tactics called for by the Pearl Harbor attack plan. The key elements in Yamamoto's plans were meticulous preparation, the achievement of surprise, and the use of aircraft carriers and naval aviation on an unprecedented scale. fleet at the outset of the war with a surprise attack. Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, commander of the Japanese fleet, devised a plan to immobilize the U.S. The problem with the plan was the danger posed by the U.S. Japan's leaders responded by resolving to seize the resource-rich territories of Southeast Asia, even though that move would certainly result in war with the United States. increased military and financial aid to China, embarked on a program of strengthening its military power in the Pacific, and cut off the shipment of oil and other raw materials to Japan.īecause Japan was poor in natural resources, its government viewed these steps, especially the embargo on oil as a threat to the nation's survival. The United States, which had important political and economic interests in East Asia, was alarmed by these Japanese moves. In 1940, the Japanese government allied their country with Nazi Germany in the Axis Alliance, and, in the following year, occupied all of Indochina. In 1937 Japan began a long and ultimately unsuccessful campaign to conquer the rest of China. In 1931 Japan conquered Manchuria, which until then had been part of China. The road to war between Japan and the United States began in the 1930s when differences over China drove the two nations apart. The Date That Lives in Infamy: Pearl Harbor Lesson Plansīase Construction at Pearl Harbor and the Outlying Islandsĭisaster in the Pacific December 1941 Statement Regarding Winds Message by Captain L.F. ![]() Mess Attendant Second Class Doris (Dorie) Miller, USN Photographs relating to the Pearl Harbor Attack Pearl Harbor Submarine Base History, 1918-1945Ĭryptologic History relating to the Pearl Harbor Attack Pearl Harbor Navy Medical Activities, 1941 Navy in Hawaii, 1826-1945: An Administrative History Ships named for Sailors to Commemorate their Actions during the Attack on Pearl Harbor ![]() Report for Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet, including other commands, and ships at Pearl Harbor Ships Present at Pearl Harbor, 0800 7 December 1941
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